Dancing Flower Circuit Diagram

This circuit was taken from a dancing flower. A motor at the bottom of the flower had a shaft up the stem and when the microphone detected music, the bent shaft created the flower wiggle and move. The circuit can reply to a whistle, music or noise.

Dancing Flower Circuit Diagram
 

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1.5v LED FLASHER & LED on 1.5v SUPPLY

This will flash a LED, employing a single 1.5v cell. it's going to even flash a white LED even supposing this kind of LED needs regarding three.2v to 3.6v for operation. The circuit takes regarding 2mA however produces a really bright flash.

LED on 1.5v SUPPLY

A red LED needs regarding one.7v before it'll begin to illuminate - below this voltage - NOTHING! This circuit takes regarding 12mA to illuminate a red LED employing a single cell, however the fascinating feature is that the approach the LED is illuminated. The 1u electrolytic may be thought of to be a 1v cell. (If you wish to be technical: it charges to regarding one.5v -0.2v loss as a result of collector-emitter = one.3v and a lost ofabout 0.2v via collector-emitter in diagram B.)

It is firstly charged by the 100R resistor and therefore the third transistor (when it's totally turned ON via the 1k base resistor). this is often shown in diagram "A." throughout this time the second transistor isn't turned on and that is why we've omitted it from the diagram. When the second transistor is turned ON, the 1v cell is pulled to the 0v rail and therefore the negative of the cell is truly 1v below the 0v rail as shown in diagram "B."

The LED sees one.5v from the battery and regarding 1v from the electrolytic and this is often sufficient to illuminate it. Follow a pair of} voltages to visualize how they boost 2.5v.

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BRIGHT FLASH FROM FLAT BATTERY and 3v WHITE LED FLASHER

BRIGHT FLASH FROM FLAT BATTERY
This circuit can flash a white LED, on a provide from 2v to 6v and turn out a really bright flash. The circuit takes regarding 2mA and recent cells are often used. the 2 100u electros in parallel produce a much better flash when the availability is 6v.

3v WHITE LED FLASHER
This will flash a white LED, on 3v provide and turn out a really bright flash. The circuit produces a voltage on top of 5v if the LED isn't in circuit however the LED limits the voltage to its characteristic voltage of three.2v to 3.6v.   The circuit takes regarding 2mA an is really a voltage-doubler (voltage incrementer) arrangement.
Note the 10k charges the 100u. It doesn't illuminate the LED because the 100u is charging and also the voltage across it's invariably less than 3v. When the 2 transistors conduct, the collector of the BC557 rises to rail voltage and pulls the 100u HIGH. The negative of the 100u effectively sits just under the positive rail and also the positive of the electro is regarding 2v on top of this. All the energy within the electro is pumped into the LED to supply a really bright flash. 

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LED Scanner Circuit Diagram

Here may be a easy LED chaser simulating a scanner through the rear and forth light-weight result. It used high bright White LEDs to grant the chaser result. The circuit uses an oscillator to provide quick pulses and a decade counter to drive the LEDs.

IC1 is intended as an astable multivibrator to grant continuous positive pulses to the last decade counter. Variable resistor VR1, R1 and C1 kind the timing elements. By adjusting VR1, it's attainable to alter the speed of the scanning LEDs.

Output pulses from IC1 are fed to the clock input of the last decade counter IC2. Resistor R2 keeps the clock input of IC2 low once every positive to negative transitions of input pulses. this can be necessary as a result of generally the clock input of the last decade counter stays positive and doesn't settle for input pulses.


LED Scanner Circuit Diagram

 

LED Scanner Circuit

All the 10 outputs are utilized in the circuit to drive the LEDs. Diodes D1 through D10 (IN 4148) do the trick of forward and backward chasing result. Out of the 10 diodes, eight diodes kind OR gates to direct the outputs of IC2 to LEDs. The remaining 2 diodes maintain the brightness of the 2 ungated LEDs. 1st six outputs of IC2 works within the straight thanks to provide the running result.

The diode connected to the pin five of IC2 is connected to the cathode of the diode from pin ten (5th LED). This reverses the running sequence within the backward direction. Output half-dozen drives the fourth LED and also the method repeats up to the 2nd LED connected to output pin2.The reset pin fifteen and also the Clock inhibit pin thirteen of IC2 are connected to ground so IC2 will run freely.

Sourced By: www.circuitsproject.com

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Simple LED Flashlight Using Supercapacitor

Bored of joking with capacitors? Then its time for you to maneuver on to super-capacitors. These have huge storage capabilities. during this article you may conclude the way to build atiny low LED flashlight using supercapacitors.

The most disadvantage of capacitors is their giant voltage drop. For this project, a minimum voltage of two volts is needed to light-weight the LED. As a result, the “Joule Thief” style would be incorporated here. Using this, a AA battery is used to light-weight an LED until it's fully discharged.
 during this case, a supercapacitor would be taking the place of the battery. Here an LED is employed to perform the operate of a diode. This ensures that there's sufficient voltage across the LED.

 the necessities of the project are listed below:
White LED
Super capacitor (10F, 2.7 V)
Transistor
Torus
1 k ohm resistor
Wires
Breadboard
The torus and therefore the transistor used here comes from an energy-saving lamp HS. Care ought to be taken whereas removing this from the lamp as a breakage may lead to the discharge of the mercury vapors. A lamp load along side a USB port is added to the circuit. This makes it compatible with a computer or a automotive radio.

A couple of precautions got to be taken whereas constructing the circuit. The USB port mustn't be supplied with excess power. The capacitor doesn't stand up to a high voltage and hence a zener diode is connected in parallel to handle the high voltage. The diode protects the capacitor when the voltage exceeds an explicit price.

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SP-LED light-weight Box

For beginners, it's their 1st project that offers them a lift. And so as to induce that, it's continuously necessary to create positive that the project that you just choose is basically helpful. One such project is that the RGB light-weight fader. this is often quite straightforward and may be done simply by a beginner. scan on to understand a lot of concerning this.

 Concerning twenty LEDs are needed here. begin by wiring all the LEDs and connecting it to a breadboard. this is often quite a tedious method and takes quite plenty of your time.

 ensuing step is to create the ability board. Quite plenty needs to be done to drive all the LEDs employing a single PWM channel. therefore to atone for this, a multiplexer IC is employed. a couple of voltage conversions is also needed in such a case.

 As mentioned earlier, one PWM is employed to regulate 3 totally different channels. The MSP430 is employed to modify between the various channels. this offers the impression that there are 3 individual channels. There is also some problems with the glint, however this might not be a show stopper downside.

 The supply code for running the circuit is kind of sophisticated . concerning twelve totally different modes are gift here and switching between the assorted modes is finished employing a single push button.

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LED FLASHER WITH ONE TRANSISTOR

This is a unique flasher circuit employing a single driver transistor that takes its flash-rate from a flashing LED. The flasher within the photo is 3mm. An ordinary LED won't work. The flash rate can not be altered by the brightness of the high-bright white LED will be adjusted by altering the 1k resistor across the 100u electrolytic to 4k7 or 10k. The 1k resistor discharges the 100u in order that when the transistor activates, the charging current into the 100u illuminates the white

LED.
If a 10k discharge resistor is used, the 100u isn't absolutely discharged and therefore the LED doesn't flash as bright. All the components within the photo are within the same places as within the circuit diagram to make it simple to envision how the components are connected.

The circuit uses a flashing LED to flash a super-bright 20,000mcd white LED

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LED Workbench Lighting Circuit Diagram

Here is a very useful workbench lighting unit for electronics hobbyists. The portable inspection lamp circuit consists of an on-board voltage regulator and a high-bright 5mm white LED. Any 9 to 18 volt dc rated ac mains adaptor, capable to source about 100 mA of output current can be used to power this portable inspection lamp.

After construction the led workbench light circuit should be enclosed in a suitable plastic bottle cap as illustrated here. The miniature lens shown is an optional component. In the prototype, plastic made lens lifted from a discarded torch was used!

LED workbench lighting lamp circuit schematic

The adjustable 3-pin voltage regulator IC1 (LM317L) in TO-92 pack, is here tuned to supply an output of near 4.5 volt dc. This supply is directly fed to the white LED (D2) through the current limiter resistor R3 (51 Ohm). Diode D1 (1N4001) works as an input polarity protection guard and two small electrolytic capacitors (C1 and C2) connected at the input and output pins of IC1 improves the overall stability of the regulator circuit. Use a standard RCA or EP socket as the input terminal J1.

http://www.circuitsproject.com

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Sound Activated Lights Circuit Diagram

This diy sound activated lights circuit turns a lamp ON for a short duration when the dog barks (or a relatively strong sound) giving an impression that the occupants have been alerted. The condenser microphone fitted in a place to monitor sound and generates AC signals, which pass through DC blocking capacitor C1 to the base of transistor BC549 (T1). Transistor T1 along with transistor T2 amplifies the sound signals and provides current pulses from the collector of T2. When sound is produced in front of the condenser mic, triac1 (BT136) fires, activates lights and the bulb (B1) glows for about two minutes..

Sound Activated Lights Circuit Diagram

Assemble the sound activated lights circuit on a general purpose PCB (circuit board) and enclose in a plastic cabinet. Power to the sound activated switch circuit can be derived from a 12V, 500mA step-down transformer with rectifier and smoothing capacitor. Solder the triac ensuring sufficient spacing between the pins to avoid short circuit. Fix the unit in the dog’s cage or close to the sound monitoring spot, with the lamp inside or outside as desired. Connect the microphone to the sount activated lights circuit using a short length of shielded wire. Enclose the microphone in a tube to increase its sensitivity.

Caution. Since the sound activated lights uses 230V AC, many of its points are at AC mains voltage. It could give you lethal shock if you are not careful. So if you don’t know much about working with line voltages, do not attempt to construct this circuit. We will not be responsible for any kind of resulting loss or damage.

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Emergency Light Circuit Diagram

This is an automatic emergency lamp with day light sensing, means it senses darkness/night and turns ON automatically. Similarly it senses day light and turns OFF automatically. A simple emergency lamp which does not require any special equipment; even a multimeter to assemble and use. Any individual who can do a good quality soldering must be able to build this circuit successfully.

This can be easily accommodated in the defunct two 6 watt tube National Emergency Lamp or any PL tube type emergency lamp. The difference will be in the working; it will work non stop for more than 8 hours.deep discharge is taken care by the LED characteristic and over charge protection is taken care by the fixed voltage regulator.This uses a simple 3Pin fixed regulator which has a built in current limiting circuit.

Simple Emergency Light Circuit Diagram:

The only required adjustment is the preset which has to be set to ensure the LEDs just light up (it should be left at that position). The 5mm LDR is just mounted on top of the emergency light as shown in the photograph. LDR is used to avoid it lighting up during day time or when the room lights are ON. 2 LEDs are used in series; the dropping resistance is avoided and 2 LEDs light up with current that is required for a single LED,  by which energy is saved to a great extent.

This particular circuit has been kept so simple for people who has limited access to components or in other words this is an emergency light that you can build with minimum components. In addition to circuit diagram, He has shared photographs of the prototype he made in National emergency light and a PCB design.

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3-in-1 Flash Light

Want to avoid the problem of carrying three different flashlights to perform a test? Why don’t you try integrating Ultra Violet, Infra Red and visible light together in one flashlight? Read on to know more about this.

The multi-tasking flashlight is basically composed of a metallic case, a switch, cables and connections, four 9V batteries and three different LED heads that provide the desired light beam. For the construction of this flashlight, LedEngin’s LZ4-40 is recommended. This comes with a very wide wavelength that includes infra red and ultra violet light. Distinct visible light color temperature can also be found

The first step is to build the body of the flashlight, using an aluminum tube. Next come the drilling and cutting for switches and covers. Once the body is finished, the work on the constant current driver should be completed, adding the proper terminals for the batteries and the base for the LED heads.

 Once all the power source wiring is completed and insulated with heat shrink tubing, the LED heads are assembled and connected. These are basically composed of an aluminum cap. The LED base and the power source connections come from the batteries.

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40 LED Bicycle Light Circuit Diagram

The 555 circuit below is a flashing bicycle light powered with four C,D or AA cells (6 volts). Two sets of 20 LEDs will alternately flash at approximately 4.7 cycles per second using RC values shown (4.7K for R1, 150K for R2 and a 1uF capacitor). Time intervals for the two lamps are about 107 milliseconds (T1, upper LEDs) and 104 milliseconds (T2 lower LEDs). Two transistors are used to provide additional current beyond the 200 mA limit of the 555 timer. A single LED is placed in series with the base of the PNP transistor so that the lower 20 LEDs turn off when the 555 output goes high during the T1 time interval. The high output level of the 555 timer is 1.7 volts less than the supply voltage.

Adding the LED increases the forward voltage required for the PNP transistor to about 2.7 volts so that the 1.7 volt difference from supply to the output is insufficient to turn on the transistor. Each LED is supplied with about 20mA of current for a total of 220mA. The circuit should work with additional LEDs up to about 40 for each group, or 81 total. The circuit will also work with fewer LEDs so it could be assembled and tested with just 5 LEDs (two groups of two plus one) before adding the others.

Circuit Source: Electronics Projects

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Flashing Lights Circuit Diagram

This is a simple flashing lights circuit can be used as beacon. The assembly consists basically of two blinking steps that commands two light bulbs. With the help of P1 you can adjust the flashing frequency between some limits. There are 2 parts for the circuit, the second one works the same way as the other but with the help of a wire bridge or a switch you can choose different operating modes.A bridge between M and 3 means: 2 independent blinks.

Circuit diagram :

Flashing Lights Schematic Circuit Diagram

If there is a bridge between M and 2, then the lamps lights alternatively with a frequency that can be adjusted with P1. And finally there is one more possibility for M and 1, where the lamps blinks at the same time. The flashing lights circuit works with voltages between 3V and 15V. The lamps voltage must be 2/3 of working voltage. R5 and R10 are chosen so that the lamps are about to light.

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A Handy Pen Torch Circuit Diagram

This easy to construct “Handy pen torch” electronic circuit and low component count, uses two power white LEDs for lighting. Low volt (4.8V dc) supply available from the built in rechargeable Ni-Cd battery pack is first converted into two channel (independent) constant current sources by two pieces of the renowned precision adjustable shunt regulator chip LM334 (IC1 and IC2). Around 25mA at 3.6 volt dc is available at the output of these ICs.

This regulated dc supply is used to drive two power white LEDs D4 and D6. Resistors R3 and R5 limits the output current (and hence the light output) of IC1 and IC2 circuits respectively. Besides these components, one red color LED (D2) is included in the main circuit which works as a battery charging supply input indicator. Resistor R1 limits the operating current of this LED.

Pen Torch Electronic Circuit Schematic

Diode D1 works as an input polarity guard cum reverse current flow preventer. Capacitor C1 is a simple buffer for circuit stabilization. After succesful construction, preferably on a small piece of general purpose PCB, enclose the whole circuit in a suitable and attractive pen torch cabinet. If necessary, drill suitable holes in the cabinet to attatch the dc socket, on/off switch and the input indicator etc. In prototype,commonly available 4.8 volt/500mah Ni-Cd battery pack (for cordless telephones) is used.

One very simple but reliable ac mains powered battery charger circuit for the handy pen torch is also included here. Basically the pen torch circuit is a constant current charger wired around Transistor T1 (BC636), powered by a 12v/350mA step down transformer and associated componentsD1, D2 and C1.

AC mains powered battery charger for the pen torch

Unregulated 12 volt dc available from the input power convereter circuit, comprising step down transformer(TRF), rectifier diodes (D1,D2) and filter capacitor (C1), is fed to T1 through a current limiting resistor R1. Grounded base PNP transistor T1 here works as a constant current generator. With 22 ohm resistor for R1, the charging current available at the output of the charger is near 50mA.

Red LED (D3) provides a fixed voltage reference to the base of T1, with the help of resistor R2. (During charging process, Diode D1 in the main circuit prevent reverse current flow from the battery pack when charging input supply is absent.) After construction of the pen torch circuit, fit the assembled unit inside a small plastic enclosure for safety and convenience.

Circuit Source: DIY Electronics Projects

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3v Low Battery Voltage Flasher Circuit Diagram

Many battery powered devices use two AA alkaline cells.  Often you will not know when it is time to replace the batteries until the device powered by them actually stops operating.  The hobby circuit below can be connected to a 3v battery, to give you some warning when the battery is nearing its end of life.

3v Low Battery Voltage Flasher Circuit Diagram

It will flash a LED when the battery voltage drops to about 2.4 volts. The electronic circuit draws only 1ua of current in standby mode and jumps to only 20ua when flashing, so it can safely be included without depleting the battery energy. A voltage detector IC from Panasonic (Microchip also makes similar devices) is used to monitor the battery voltage. The device’s open drain output swings low, when the battery voltage is below 2.4 to 2.5 volts. This action turns on the two transistor oscillator circuit, which drives the LED with short current pulses lasting only 2ms.

Source: DiscoverCircuits

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LED at 230 V Circuit Diagram

Small circuit to run a LED on line voltage (English)

This little circuit allows to connect a LED to line voltage. A LED can not handle with 230V AC and needs a current which is limted to ca. 15mA. The first issue is simply solved with a diode which eliminates the voltage in reverse-biasing. The current is limited by the combination of the resistor and capacitor. Used at AC capacitors work as frequency dependent resistors. You can simply calculate the capacitive resistance of the capacitor by the following formula:

Based on a frequency of 50Hz and a capacity of 220nF you get a reactance of ca. 16kΩ. This is just perfect for a LED. The resistor prevents that the capacitor does not charge that abruptly.

Hinweis

Attention. This circuit works with life threatening line voltage. All parts of this circuit are connected to the grid! You have to make sure that it is not possible to touch any parts of the circuit at any time. You have to unplug the circuit everytime you want to check it.

Part list

• C1: foil capacitor 220nF, 250V~ (stick to the values!)
• R1: 2,2kΩ
• R2: 220Ω
• D1: 1N4007 (or comparable; must be suitable for 220V/230V)
• LED1: standard LED

Circuit diagram

Source by : Benedikt Wirmer

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AC 230V Led Circuit Diagram by DIAC

This is a very simple LED flasher circuit diagram that is powered from AC 230V mains. This Flasher can be used as a power indicator for the AC 230V mains supply. This circuit is made with few numbers of parts namely, a LED, two Resistors, one Capacitor, one Diode and one DIAC.  The DIAC act the main role to flashing the LED. DIAC is a bidirectional device. It conducts current only after its breakover voltage has been reached its threshold. Most DIACs breakover voltage is around 30 V.

230V Mains Power Indicator LED Flasher Circuit Diagram

When mains is connect to the circuit, the Capacitor(C1) starts charging through Diode(D1)&Registor(R1). When the voltage on the capacitor reached the DIAC’s threshold voltage, the DIAC get turn on. And LED gets Lights(flash). At the same time Capacitor(C1) goes discharges and breakover voltage of DIAC also decrease and LED turns OFF. The on off time of the LED depends on the value of Capacitor(C1)  and Resistor(R1).

Note that the flashing time of the LED shown in the animating figure is not the exact timing of ON/OFF.

Copyright : CircuitsTune.com

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Touch 'N Flip Circuit Diagram

Ever wonder how a touch plate, like the kind you see on some elevators and lamps work? This circuit will give you a feel for how the touch plate works in a circuit and you can expand on the circuit to suit your project needs. The touch plate can be a small piece of metal or aluminum foil. Start the circuit by moving S2 to the set position and then back to the previous position.

Now press S1. One of the LED's will light. Now touch the touch plate and the LED's will flip on the opposite way. The sensitivity of the plate will vary depending on the humidity. Adjust the VR and capacitor that is connected to S2 to adjust the sensitivity.

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LED Camera

The process mentioned below shows how we can convert the LEDs to the light sensors so that it can be used for many other purposes also. Read on to know more about this.As the Blinkenlight Shield has 20 of them, 20 pixel camera can be developed by it. After performing the experiment, it is recommended to reset the jumper setting to default. LED or Light Emitting diodes usually act as the photo diodes and are optimized to produce the light.

LEDs can be used to make the light detectors that can be helpful in various conditions. The idea behind this is to reverse bias the diodes by turning the IO pins to output low so that the LEDs used will act as capacitors and will not be conducted. The current produced due to the LED is very small, and the photo current produced discharges the LED capacitors. After charging, the IO pins have to be switched to high Z so as to generate the light. The light produced and the current are directly proportional to each other.

After the discharging of capacitors, the pin will move towards high from low. By measuring the time taken for discharge, the amount of light reached by the LED can be calculated. After processing all the LEDs, they can be used in a serial line but it should be taken care of that this is done in a separate step to avoid any mistake in measuring the discharge time.

 

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Strip LED Lamp Circuit Diagram

Strip LEDs are available in different colours powered by direct current (DC) source. These LEDs are available as surface mount devices with current limiting resistors. Usually there are 300 LEDs in a 5-metre strip. The strip can be cut into pieces so that the bits having three or four LEDs can be used with 12V DC source. The circuit given here uses the strip LEDs to make an automatic white LED lighting source. The circuit is powered by a capacitor power supply connected to AC mains. Capacitor C1 drops the 230V AC, which is further rectified by the bridge rectifier module and is made ripple-free by C2. Zener diode (ZD1) provides 12V DC to the comparator circuit.

Strip LED Lamp Circuit Diagram


Resistor R1 is important in the power supply as it provides discharge path to the voltage stored in capacitor C1 after the circuit is unplugged from mains. The automatic working of the circuit is based on the light-sensing property of the light-dependent resistor (LDR). Operational amplifier CA3140 (IC1) is used as a comparator with two potential dividers in its inverting and non-inverting inputs. LDR1 and resistor R3 form one potential divider that provides a variable voltage at the inverting input pin 2 of IC1. Second potential divider comprises resistors R4 and R5, which provide half of the supply voltage (6V) to the non-inverting pin 3 of IC1. The output of IC1 depends on voltage level at inverting input pin 2 of IC1 as explained below.

In daylight, LDR1 has low resistance and the voltage at inverting input (pin 2) of IC1 is more than that of non-inverting input (pin 3). This makes IC1 output low, which drives transistor T1 into cut-off condition and strip LEDs do not glow. However, at night the light incident on LDR1 is low and its resistance is high. The voltage at inverting input of the comparator decreases, making it lower than the voltage at non-inverting input. This makes IC1 output high. Transistor T1 goes into saturation, thus connecting cathodes of LEDs to ground. All the LEDs in the strip turn on and remain that way till morning.

Assemble the circuit on a general-purpose PCB and enclose it in a suitable shock-proof case. Strip LEDs are available in ribbon-shaped form. Use 5cm bits (two bits) having three LEDs each. The strip can be cut at supply-contact points. Strip LEDs are arranged on a flexible belt with double-sided adhesive on the back side, so it can be glued to any surface. Connect the LED strip in the circuit with correct polarity. EFY note. Since the circuit uses 230V AC, there is a risk of electrical shock. Do not touch or troubleshoot when the circuit is plugged in. Before connecting the circuit to the power supply section, test it using 12V DC from a battery or DC power supply. 

SOURCE :[link]

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